REVOLUTIONARY WAR PATRIOT SPY MAJOR WAR 1812 GOVERNOR SENATOR MA DOCUMENT SIGNED




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Reference Number: Avaluer:53395801Modified Item: No
Original/Reproduction: OriginalCountry/Region of Manufacture: United States
Conflict: Revolutionary War (1775-83)Theme: Militaria
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HERE’S A RARE DOCUMENT SIGNED BY TWO(2) REVOLUTIONARY WAR PATRIOTSCALEB STRONG(1745 -1819)REVOLUTIONARY WAR PATRIOT, 6th and 10th GOVERNOR OFMASSACHUSETTS 1800-1807 and 1812-1816, 1st UNITED STATES FEDERALIST PARTY SENATORFROM MASSACHUSETTS 1789-1796&MEMBER OF THE MASSACHUSETTS SENATE.The advent of the War of 1812 brought Strongback to the governor's office as a committed opponent of the war. He refused USArmy requests that state militia be placed under army command. The state an...dfederal government's weak defense of Massachusetts' northern frontier duringStrong's tenure contributed to the successful drive for Maine’s statehood, which was granted in 1820. -AND-JONATHAN LORING AUSTIN(1748 -1826)AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARY WAR MAJOR IN LANGDON'S MASS REGIMENT, and LATER AN AID TO GENERAL JOHN SULLIVAN, REVOLUTIONARY WAR DIPLOMAT TAKING ORDERS DIRECTLY FROMFOUNDING FATHER, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, WHO SENT HIM ON A LONG “SECRET MISSION” TO ENGLAND IN 1778 –BEING CAPTURED  BY THE BRITISH IN 1780 WHILE ON THIS MISSION, SECRETARYTO THE MASSACHUSETTS BOARD OF WAR UNTIL OCTOBER 1777, &2nd SECRETARYOF THE COMMONWEALTH OFMASSACHUSETTS 1806-1808 and 10th TREASURERAND RECEIVER-GENERAL OF MASSACHUSETTS1811-1812.<<>> HERE'S A RARE DOCUMENT SIGNED BY STRONG AS GOVERNOR andAUSTIN AS SECRETARY--1p.dated Aug. 26th, 1806, COMMONWEALTHOF MASSACHUSETTS Appointment of Peter Brussells of Bradford to serves asJustice of the Peace in Esses County.   Beautifully signed by Caleb Strong under theblind-embossed Executive Seal, and boldly signed by Austin at the bottom marginof the document.The document is in very good condition for its advanced age, and measures 15¼”x 9½” A RARE ADDITION TO YOUR REVOLUTIONARY WAR ERAMILITARY/POLITICAL AUTOGRAPH, MANUSCRIPT & EPHEMERA COLLECTION! <>>::<<>BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF THE HONORABLECALEB STRONGStrong, Caleb(09 January 1746–07 November 1819), lawyer and politician, was born inNorthampton, Massachusetts, the son of Caleb Strong, a tanner, and Phebe Lyman.First educated by Reverend Samuel Moody in York, Maine, Strong entered HarvardCollege at the age of fifteen. He graduated in 1764. After a bout with smallpoxthat impaired his eyesight for the remainder of his life, he studied law with Joseph Hawley(1723–1788) and in 1772 was admitted to the Massachusetts bar. In 1777 hemarried Sara Hooker and with her had nine children. During the AmericanRevolution he served on the Northampton Committee of Safety, as attorney ofHampshire County, and in 1779 as a delegate to the Massachusetts ConstitutionalConvention. He was one of four members who drafted the MassachusettsConstitution of 1780, was selected to sit on the first Massachusetts Council, and served as state senator (1780–1789).Along with Rufus King, Elbridge Gerry, and Nathaniel Gorham, Strong represented Massachusetts at the Constitutional Convention inPhiladelphia in May 1787. During the intense deliberations that led to theframing of the U.S. Constitution, Strong voted against seven-year terms for thepresident, vice president, and senators and favored one-year terms for membersof the House of Representatives. On 21 July he argued against permitting judgesto exercise veto power. “The power, ” he said, “of making ought to be keptdistinct from that of expounding the laws.” Three days later he articulated anargument for allowing the executive to serve a second term. Perhaps his mostimportant contribution at the convention was his espousal of the Connecticut Compromiseby which the small states were given equal representation with the larger inthe upper house of the federal legislature. “If no accommodation takes place, ”he warned his colleagues, “the Union itself may soon be dissolved.”In August 1787, before the convention adjourned, Strongreturned to Northampton because of an illness in the family. In January 1788 heserved as a delegate to the Massachusetts ratifying convention in Boston. Inthe closely divided assembly (the final vote was 177 to 158), his most notablecontribution was explaining the work at Philadelphia that led to theConstitution. Between 15 and 19 January he delineated the reasons for biennialelections in the House of Representatives, for the number of representativesprovided by the Constitution, and for the compromise over proportioningrepresentation in the U.S. Senate. “The small states, ” he said, “were jealousof the large ones; and the Convention was nigh breaking up, but for this.”From 1789 to 1796 Strong served as U.S. senator fromMassachusetts. He contributed to the drafting of the Judiciary Act of 1789, espoused the Hamiltonian financial plan, and introduced the bill for thechartering of the first Bank of the United States. At the beginning of thetwo-party system he associated himself with the Washington administration andthe Federalists, supported the ratification of the Jay Treaty, and deplored theexcesses of the French revolutionary government. After returning briefly toprivate life and the practice of law, he was elected governor of Massachusettsin 1800, despite the national trend in favor of the Jeffersonians. At a timewhen many of his Federalist colleagues were maligning President Thomas Jefferson as an“atheist, ” “seducer, ” and “coward, ” Strong counseled moderation andforbearance. “You will reflect, ” he told the Massachusetts legislature in hisannual address of 1801, “that in a republic the majority must prevail, and thatobedience to the laws and respect for the constitutional authorities areessential to the character of a good citizen.”This was good advice that Strong himself might have heededas the United States drifted toward war with Great Britain over neutral rightson the Atlantic and toward conflict with Native Americans in the Northwest.Strong was replaced by Republican James Sullivan(1744–1808) in 1807 and declined nomination the next year after Sullivan’sdeath. He returned to the governorship in 1812, defeating Elbridge Gerry by asmall margin.Commercial Massachusetts opposed the U.S. declaration ofthe War of 1812 against Great Britain, and Governor Strong reflected hisconstituents’ hostility by refusing to place a part of the state militia at thedisposal of the federal government. Taking a states’ rights posture he told thelegislature that “the militia were not liable to be called into service when nodanger of invasion appeared.” When invasion was threatened in 1814, Strongbelatedly called up the militia, volunteers were solicited, and Boston wasfortified.Some evidence suggests that in the fall of 1814 Strong wasinvolved in a plot to separate New England from the United States and to drafta peace treaty with Great Britain. The British correspondence on this matterindicates that an agent of the Massachusetts governor went to Halifax, NovaScotia, in November 1814 and entered into discussions of “a very delicatenature” with Lieutenant Governor Sir John Sherbrooke. The agent informedSherbrooke that a convention was to meet in Hartford the next month, that a“precise proposition” could not be made until the convention began, but that amutually advantageous alliance might be forged between the two “countries.”The Hartford Convention, supported by Strong, met at theend of 1814. There were twenty-six delegates, twelve from Massachusetts, representing the five New England states. After deliberating in secret, theconvention issued a report on 5 January 1815 proposing several constitutionalamendments “to strengthen and if possible to perpetuate the Union of thestates.” The amendments required a two-thirds congressional vote to admit newstates or to declare war and limited incumbent presidents to one term. However, the peace treaty between the United States and Great Britain had been signed atGhent on Christmas Eve 1814; the second war for independence was over, and thework of the Hartford Convention was discredited.In 1815 Strong retired from office. He died in Northampton, Massachusetts, praised in the funeral sermon as a man who had been “eminentlyuseful in times that tried men’s souls.”BibliographySome letters written by Strong may be found in the TimothyPickering Papers at the Massachusetts Historical Society in Boston (availableon microfilm). No full-scale biography of Strong has been written. Two briefand inadequate nineteenth-century memoirs are Henry Cabot Lodge, Memoir ofCaleb Strong (1879), and Alden Bradford, Biography of the Hon. CalebStrong (1820). For Strong’s participation in the Constitutional Convention, see Max Farrand, ed., The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787, rev. ed., 4 vols. (1937). J. S. Martell, “A Side Light on FederalistsStrategy during the War of 1812, ” American Historical Review 43 (Apr.1938): 553–66, details the 1814 plot to detach New England from the UnitedStates, and James M. Banner, Jr., To the Hartford Convention (1969), examines the history of the Massachusetts Federalist party from the beginningof the Washington administration to 1815.<>>::<<>BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF THE HONORABLEJONATHAN LORING AUSTINJonathan Loring Austin (January 2, 1748– May 10, 1826) was a Massachusetts revolutionary, diplomat and politician whoserved as the second Secretary of theCommonwealth and the tenth Treasurer andReceiver-General of Massachusetts. Austin was the fatherof MassachusettsAttorney General JamesTreacothie Austin.Early lifeAustin was born on January 2, 1748 in Boston, Massachusetts.Austingraduated from Harvard College in 1766.After hegraduated from Harvard, Austin moved to Portsmouth, New Hampshireand became a merchant there.American RevolutionaryWarWhen the war started Austin became a Major in Langdon'sRegiment, and later an aid to General John Sullivan.Massachusetts Board ofWarAustin was the secretary to the Massachusetts Board of War until October1777, when he was sent to Paris by Massachusetts to announce to BenjaminFranklin and his associates the news of JohnBurgoyne's surrender at the Battle of Saratoga.Diplomatic missionFranklin soon afterwards sent him on a secret mission to England, where hemet many members of the opposition and furnished them with much informationconcerning American affairs. The trip was full of incident, and, says one ofFranklin's biographers (Morse), "brings to mind some of the Jacobite talesof Sir Walter Scott's novels." He carried dispatches to Congress from theUnited States Commissioners in Paris early in 1779, and in January 1780, wasdispatched to Europe to secure loans for Massachusetts in Spain and Holland.Capture and releaseThat same month Austin was captured by the British while on this mission.He was later released. He failed to secure the loan and he returned in theautumn of 1781.MarriageAustin married Hannah Ivers, the daughter of James & Hannah(Trecothick) Ivers, in Boston, on April 4, 1782.Massachusetts Secretaryof the CommonwealthAustin served as MassachusettsSecretary of the Commonwealth for two years, from1806 to 1808.Treasurer andReceiver-General of MassachusettsAustin served as Treasurerand Receiver-General of Massachusetts from 1811 to 1812.I am a proud member of the Universal AutographCollectors Club (UACC), The Ephemera Society of America, the Manuscript Society& the American Political Items Collectors (APIC) (member name: JohnLissandrello). I subscribe to each organizations' code of ethics andauthenticity is guaranteed. ~Providing quality service & historicalmemorabilia online for over twenty years.~

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